Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Immunoglobulin M/cerebrospinal fluid , Zika Virus/isolation & purification , Zika Virus Infection/diagnosis , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/diagnosis , Microcephaly/virology , Brain Stem/diagnostic imaging , Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed , Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/virologyABSTRACT
Abstract It is known that in less than a third of patients presenting sudden hearing loss, the disorder can be attributed to viral infection, trauma, neoplasms, and vascular and autoimmune diseases. However, the role of the HIV in the onset of this disease has not yet been well described. A 46-year-old female, in an immunosuppression state induced by HIV infection, presented with sudden bilateral hearing loss, with no improvement despite treatment. Several mechanisms were reported by which the virus could induce damage to the auditory pathway. However, little is known regarding the prevention and treatment of this morbidity.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , HIV Infections/complications , Hearing Loss, Sudden/virology , Hearing Loss, Bilateral/virology , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/virology , Immunocompromised Host , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Introducción: La hipoacusia sensorioneural súbita (HSNS), es una causa poco frecuente de hipoacusia. La mayoría son consideradas idiopáticas y sólo en el 10 por ciento-15 por ciento puede descubrirse un factor etiológico. Se han propuesto 4 teorías fisiopatológicas: viral, vascular, inmunológica y por ruptura de membranas. La etiología viral es controversial. Objetivo: Investigar la etiología viral como posible causa de HSNS y evaluar su presencia en relación con el pronóstico de recuperación auditiva. Material y método: Estudio descriptivo observacional de 24 meses, de pacientes con cuadro clínico de HSNS y exámenes compatibles. Previo al tratamiento se tomó hisopado y aspirado nasofaríngeo analizados mediante Microarray. Resultados: Se reclutaron 15 pacientes. En 9 se detectó virus respiratorio sincicial (VRS) y simultáneamente cuatro de ellos además otros virus (bocavirus, herpes VI y VII). No se detectaron casos de virus herpes I y II. No se han evidenciado diferencias en la evolución auditiva en el grupo con muestras positivas para virus. Conclusiones: La etiología viral de HSNS permanece en controversia. El 60 por ciento de los pacientes evaluados resultaron positivos, sin embargo, no hubo ningún virus herpes I ó II en las muestras. El VRS aparece como nuevo agente involucrado, aun cuando se encuentra fuera de temporada habitual.
Introduction: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) is a rare cause of hearing loss. Most are considered idiopathic and only 10-15 percent can discover an etiologic factor. Four pathophysiological theories have been proposed: viral, vascular, immunological and rupture of membranes. The viral etiology is controversial and there are reports with varying results. Aim: To investigate the viral etiology as a cause of HSNS and evaluate their presence in relation to the prognosis of hearing recovery. Material and method: descriptive, observational study of 24 months, patients with symptoms and exams compatible SSHL. Before treatment, nasopharyngeal aspirate was taken and then analyzed using Microarray. Results: Were enrolled 15 patients. In 9 was detected a respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and four of them simultaneously also other viruses (Bocavirus, Herpes VI and VII). There were no cases of Herpes Virus I and II. There were no evidence differences in auditory development in the group with samples positive for virus. Conclusions: The viral etiology of SSHL remains controversial. 60 percent of patients tested were positive, however, there was no Herpes virus I or II in the samples. RSV appears as a new agent involved, even when was out of regular season.